ChuKang-bus-system

Index

Self-driving bus system

Self-driving bus

system

Preset future autonomous driving scenarios and provide a possibility for passengers to interact with the bus.

Desk research

There is a tidal effect on buses in the city, and many times there are very few people on board. At the same time, 93% of bus companies are in an unprofitable situation. On the other hand, urban congestion is becoming increasingly serious.

Project background

In Shanghai, public transport traffic is mainly composed of buses, subways and taxis.

Shanghai has 1,585 bus lines and 17,700 buses

The average daily passenger flow in Shanghai

Bus

Metro

Taxi

3.74 million

9.63 million

338 thousand

How about the bus stop

How about the bus

Passengers can see bus route information and arrival time at this stop.

There are metal seats.

There are billboards to increase revenue.

The bus is air-conditioned and has some seats.

There is an audio announcement when you arrive at a stop.

The bus is air-conditioned and has some seats.

There is an audio announcement when you arrive at a stop.

Wait times are uncertain and sometimes long.

You need to check the corresponding arrival station by yourself.

It's too crowded during rush hour, and at other times you have to wait for a long time.

You need to always pay attention to the stop information to prevent missed your stop.

Time: 08:30~10:23am July 12, 2022

Venue: Yishan Road, Xujiahui, Shanghai

Participants: 23 passengers

By waiting at the bus stop for 2 hours, 153 passengers were found waiting for the bus and 23 of them were interviewed.

In the research analysis, find the 3 most representative type of them.

Observe the passengers while waiting for the bus.

Investigate the attitudes of passengers.

Access the process of passengers taking the bus.

Discovery the commonalities of passengers.

Objectives

field research

But during off-peak hours, fewer trains lead to longer waiting times.

The inside of the bus is very crowded during the rush hour.

Fewer buses

Fewer bus routes

Getting to your destination requires more transfers

The passenger is less

Conclusion

Representative

Wenqian Yuan

frequency: 2 times/day

goal: go to company at rush hour

Chu Zhang

frequency: uncertain

goal: go to other place

Lai Wang

frequency: 4 times/day

goal: go to company at off-peak hours

The inside of the bus is very crowded during the rush hour.

“The bus is too crowded.”

“I have to keep my eye on the arrival information on the bus.”

“I need to remember which stop I have to get off and transfer.”

“Most of my colleagues choose to take the subway because the stations are air-conditioned and there are no traffic jams.”

“I have to wait a long time during the off-peak hours.”

“It's too tiring to change and wait for the next bus.”

The waiting time is too long.

It's very inconvenient to change.

The periodic flow of people makes vehicle scheduling difficult, with the same vehicle needing to juggle full and idle status. Either it's too crowded or you have to wait a long time for a bus to come.

Bus

Stop

Road

Many departures will stop at the same stop, so you need to keep an eye on the arriving bus.

Uncertainty of road conditions leads to uncontrollable time, and it is impossible to accurately determine the time of arrival at the bus stop.

The current type and percentage of transportation in Shanghai

Is there a convenient and cheap way to travel?

convenience

price

Uber

Taxi

Self-drive

Bus

Subway

Shared bikes

Self-drive

strengths

No need to wait, have your own space and travel freely.

weaknesses

Parking in big cities takes a lot of time and requires you to maintain your own vehicle. It is also more expensive to purchase and use.

Shared bikes

strengths

Very free, you can ride or return the bike anytime.

weaknesses

Very tired and unable to carry luggage.

Bus

strengths

Relatively the cheapest and more flexible than the subway.

weaknesses

Need to wait for the bus at the outdoor stop. Line is fixed.

Subway

strengths

No traffic jams, highest time certainty. Waiting time is not too long either.

weaknesses

Very crowded, fixed lines.

Uber and Taxi

strengths

Most convenient, no need to think about parking, and less expensive than self-drive.

weaknesses

Need to wait in line for a long time during rush hours. Inconvenient to carry a lot of luggage.

pain point

current situation

There are many existing buses, and abandoning them would waste resources. So, I consider retrofitting the existing buses to suit future public transportation needs.

Get in the front door

The front of the bus is mainly a standing area.

The back of the bus consists of 20 seats.

Get out the back door

No. 112

80% of the buses are pure electric vehicles

Low speed, average speed 8.3mile /h

Simple vehicle structure

Now

Autopilot

No cab, saving space inside the vehicle

No driver required, reducing bus company's expenses

No need for mirrors, reduced body width

inspiration

Since labor costs make up 55% of expenses and buses mainly travel at low to medium speeds within cities, I believe buses will be the first to achieve self-driving.

In a self-driving scenario, what will the relationship between stops and people look like? How should buses collaborate with each other? How can we cost-effectively retrofit existing buses for future travel needs?

Is there a self-driving bus that makes rush hour less crowded and doesn't have to wait during off-peak hour?

In the "Return Racers!!", the German team's use of the merged airflow trick is still fresh in my mind.

Return Racers!!

The bus fare is usually 70 cents and there is no distance limit.

Profitability of bus companies

unprofitable

profitable

93%

Labor cost

Electricity and gas

Other

55%

11%

44%

The cost per person is $1.50

The cost of the bus company

Design Strategy

Since I can't design the perfect shape of the vehicle like an industrial designer, I was thinking about how passengers should use this bus system; and what the interaction between the vehicles should look like.

520D

seat

3563

seat

8642

seat

Compared with the current bus system

Retain current user habits: get in at the front door and get out at the back door.

before

after

Removed the rear view mirror

Removed driver's seat

Added 2 doors

What was remodeled?

Buses traveling on the same line use a line queue after merging and interchanging to reduce air resistance and save electricity.

Side-by-side while in motion, open the doors for easy transfer of passengers to another bus.

More stops can be set.

No need for fixed routes and schedules, and vehicle dispatching can be realized according to the density of human traffic.

No. 112

seat

520D

seat

bus stop

Integrated with the existing taxi drop-off and pick-up locations, the three-sided signage makes it visible from every direction.

The triangular area at the top serves as a solar panel to power the LED lights inside.

User flow

Stage

touch point

Usage Scenario

Attentional state

Software Function

& Feedback

Software Function

& Feedback

prototype

Arrival at the stop

Waiting for the bus to arrive

Get in the bus

Preparing to travel

On the road

Arrival at destination

Mobile App

at home

100%

Enter your destination - Select the nearest waiting point - Confirm details such as route and arrival time.

Pay according to the travel distance.

Mobile App

stop

Walking on the road

60%, one-handed operation, walking

Outdoor, roadside

90%, standing at the stop

Use AR navigation to reach the waiting point.

Display arrival countdown and bus number

(The bus number is the last four digits of the license plate number)

Vibrate 3 minutes early + text alert.

(You have 3 minutes before you are about to transfer to a bus, open the right door)

Mobile App，bus

Inside the bus

70%, need to pay attention to the steps on board

Shows the direction to open the door and countdown when changing buses.

bus

Inside the bus

70%, easily distracted by the scenery outside the bus. The vehicle is shaking while moving, and looking at the phone for a long time will make you seasick.

Scan QR or NFC to identify your phone.

Mobile App，bus

Roadside

90%

Primary size

Secondry size

Native State

Disable

Inactive State

Active State

Filled State

Error Message

Success

Disable

Default

Disable

Error Message

Buttons

Input Fields

Checkbox - Radio - Toggle

Icons

Full name

Your password is weak!

Full name

Email not recognized!

Full name

Place your text

Text

Button Text

Text

Button Text

Full name

Erfan amade

Erfan am

Full name

FFBD30

FBF0D9

0F0B03

3E4958

8B8989

B8BABF

F6F7FB

Color

Poppins

TYPEFACE

fonts.google.com/specimen/Poppins

Body Text Large

Body Text Medium

Body Text Small

Caption Text Tiny

Caption Text Medium

Caption Text Large

nothing is impossible

popins | Regular 10

Value your time

popins | Regular 12

popins | Regular 14

Value your time

popins | Regular 16

Value your time

popins | Regular 18

Value your time

popins | Bold 20

Headline Text Large

Headline Medium

Title Small

popins | Bold 22

popins | Bold 32

popins | Bold 36

Typography

Design system

Part of user interface

testing

Users think it too complicated.

Most users actually have an extremely fixed daily travel route and time, i.e.: to work.

Add user commute plan settings to match the commute needs of employees.

Set a commuting schedule to and from work. Once set, just follow the schedule to get to the office and back home.

The GPS system knows when you board the bus, and the fare is automatically paid through the app. From leaving your house to getting off the bus, you don't need to use your phone. This way, you can enjoy the scenery on the way.

For users.

The more users set their schedules, the better the route planning becomes. This allows for accurate capacity matching, reducing the number of transfers for users.

This feature makes commuting more convenient for users, increases profits for companies, and improves road traffic flow.

For bus companies.

Conclusion

Update

When you open the app at the travel time, the plan information is displayed.

Add setting function.

Enhance the alert effect with a small red dot.

When you open the app at other times, there is a reminder of the commute plan at the top.

This reminder is no longer shown after the next 2 days.

Set commute plan